GSG: DA8x/OMAP-L1/AM1x DVEVM Additional Procedures

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Flashing images

DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18xx

On the OMAP-L138 (or AM18xx) SoC, the ARM boots first. On boot-up, the ARM runs the ARM UBL in AIS file format. The purpose of the ARM UBL is to initialize the PLLs, mDDR, and other hardware. Once done, it copies the U-Boot into mDDR and starts it.

U-Boot is an open source boot loader and is responsible for booting the Linux kernel.

Flashing images to SPI Flash

TIP
If U-Boot does not start upon powering on in the standard SPI boot mode (see Booting_the_OMAP-L138/AM18x_Out_of_the_Box), you must flash the SPI memory and restore the UBL and U-boot software. The simplest way accomplish this is to use the Serial flasher utility outlined in the first option below. A pre-compiled U-boot image is included in the SDK installation under the /psp/prebuilt-images/ folder. The Serial flash utility only supports UBL images included with the utility or the PSP installation. If a self-compiled or custom UBL is needed, you must flash the SPI memory through CCS, outlined in the second step below.

There are two ways to flash images to SPI Flash:

• Serial flasher

1. See this page for instructions on using the command line serial flashing utility, which requires only a UART cable: Serial Boot and Flash Loading Utility for OMAP-L138

• CCS

1. The embedded emulation that comes with the EVM is XDS100 version 1, that does not support the ARM. So to connect to the ARM, an external emulator is necessary. Also, to use an external emulator, you need the full version of CCS, not the one that comes with the evm. If you do not have an external emulator, please use the Serial Flasher above.
2. Set the boot pins to emulation boot mode. This is done by setting switch S7 on the EVM according to the following table:
   
   For LogicPD EVM

   Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
   Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF	OFF	ON

   
   

   For Spectrum Digital EVM

   Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
   Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	ON	ON

   
   

• For 03.20.xx.xx Releases:
1. Start CCStudio and connect to the ARM. See details at: How to connect to the OMAP-L138/C6748 EVM board using CCS?. Ensure that you have the latest ARM GEL file from [[1]] for LogicPD EVM and [[2]]for Spectrum Digital EVM correctly specified.
2. Execute the GEL function "Full EVM-->SPI1_PINMUX" incase of LogicPD and "Test_setup-->SPI_setup" on Spectrum Digital. In case of CCSv3, this appears under the GEL menu. In case of CCSv4, this appears under Scripts menu.
3. Load the SPI flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/utils/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation (spiflash-writer.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the SPI Flash writer
4. Run the SPI flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file type and the file path. For booting from SPI, an ARM AIS image and U-Boot are required.
   • To burn the ARM AIS image, for OMAP-L138/AM18xx, type armais as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to arm-spi-ais.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn U-Boot, run the SPI flasher program again, and type uboot as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/u-boot/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation.
• For 03.21.xx.xx Releases:
1. Start CCStudio v5 and connect to the ARM. Ensure that you have the latest ARM GEL file from [[3]] for LogicPD EVM and [[4]]for Spectrum Digital EVM correctly specified.
2. Execute the GEL function "Full EVM-->SPI1_PINMUX" incase of LogicPD and "Test_setup-->SPI_setup" on Spectrum Digital.This appears under the Scripts menu.
3. Load the SPI flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/boot-strap/ccs/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation (SPIWriter_OMAP-L138.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the SPI Flash writer
4. Run the SPI flasher program. You will be prompted for the file path of  ARM AIS image and U-Boot. For booting from SPI, an ARM AIS image and U-Boot are required.
   • First it prompts this message "Will you be writing UBL image ? (y or Y) ", Entering 'N' will skip the flashing of UBL. Y will allow to flash UBL.
   • To burn the ARM AIS image, for OMAP-L138/AM18xx . When prompted for a file name, provide the path to ubl_OMAPL138_SPI_MEM.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images /boot-strap/serial_flash/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation. Entering 'none' will skip this step.
   • To burn U-Boot. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/u-boot/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation. Entering 'none' will skip this step.
3. Once the SPI flash has been written with the all the required files, disconnect CCStudio and power off the EVM. Proceed to boot from SPI flash

Flashing images to NAND Flash

Follow these steps to flash images to NAND Flash:

1. The embedded emulation that comes with the EVM is XDS100 version 1, that does not support the ARM. So to connect to the ARM, an external emulator is necessary. Also, to use an external emulator, you need the full version of CCS, not the one that comes with the evm. If you do not have an external emulator, you cannot load the NAND Flash using these instructions.
2. Set the boot pins to emulation boot mode. This is done by setting switch S7 on the EVM according to the following table:
   
   For LogicPD EVM

   Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
   Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF	OFF	ON

   
   

   For Spectrum Digital EVM

   Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
   Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	ON	ON

   
   

• For 03.20.xx.xx Releases:
1. Start CCStudio and connect to the ARM. See details at: How to connect to the OMAP-L138/C6748 EVM board using CCS?. Ensure that you have the latest ARM GEL file from LogicPD/ Spectrum Digital correctly specified.
2. Execute the GEL function "Full EVM-->EMIFA_NAND_PINMUX" for LogicPD and "Test_setup-->NAND_setup" for Spectrum Digital. In case of CCSv3, this appears under the GEL menu. In case of CCSv4, this appears under Scripts menu.
3. Load the NAND flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/utils/omapl1x8 directory of the PSP installation (nand-writer.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the NAND Flash writer
4. Run the NAND flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file type and the file path. For booting from NAND, an ARM AIS image and U-Boot are required.
   • To burn the ARM AIS image, for OMAP-L138/AM18xx, type armais as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to arm-nand-ais.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn U-Boot, type uboot as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file.
• For 03.21.xx.xx Releases:
1. Start CCStudio v5 and connect to the ARM.  Ensure that you have the latest ARM GEL file from LogicPD/ Spectrum Digital correctly specified.
2. Execute the GEL function "Full EVM-->EMIFA_NAND_PINMUX" for LogicPD and "Test_setup-->NAND_setup" for Spectrum Digital. This appears under Scripts menu.
3. Load the NAND flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/boot-strap/ccs/omapl1x8 directory of the PSP installation (NANDWriter_OMAP-L138.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the NAND Flash writer
4. Run the NAND flasher program. You will be prompted for the file path of ARM AIS and U-BOOT. For booting from NAND, an ARM AIS image and U-Boot are required.
   • CCS will prompt this message "Do you want to global erase NAND flash", Entering 'n' or 'N' will not erase the NAND flash.
     
   • To burn the ARM AIS image,for OMAP-L138/AM18xx. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to ubl_OMAP-L138_NAND.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/serial_flash/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation. Entering 'none' will skip this step.
     
   • To burn U-Boot, When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file. Entering 'none'  will skip this step.
     
3. Once the NAND flash has been written with the all the required files, disconnect CCStudio and power off the EVM. Proceed to boot from NAND flash.

Flashing images to NOR Flash

Follow these steps to boot from NOR Flash:

1. The embedded emulation that comes with the EVM is XDS100 version 1, that does not support the ARM. So to connect to the ARM, an external emulator is necessary. Also, to use an external emulator, you need the full version of CCS, not the one that comes with the evm. If you do not have an external emulator, you cannot load the NOR Flash using these instructions.
2. Obtain the latest ARM GEL file from LogicPD/ Spectrum Digital . Run the CCStudio Setup tool and ensure that the ARM GEL file is correctly specified.
3. Set the boot pins to emulation boot mode. This is done by setting switch S7 on the EVM according to the following table:
   For Logic PD

   Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
   Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF	OFF	ON

   
   

   For Spectrum Digital

   Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
   Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	ON	ON

   
   

• For 03.20.xx.xx Releases:
1. Start CCStudio and connect to the ARM. See details at: How to connect to the OMAP-L138/C6748 EVM board using CCS?.
2. Execute the GEL function "Full EVM-->EMIFA_NOR_PINMUX" for Logic PD and "Test_setup-->NOR_setup" for Spectrum Digital. In case of CCSv3, this appears under the GEL menu. In case of CCSv4, this appears under Scripts menu.
3. Load the NOR flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/utils/omapl1x8 directory of the PSP installation (norflash-writer.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the NOR Flash writer.
4. Run the NOR flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file type and the file path. For booting from NOR, an ARM AIS image and U-Boot are required.
   • To burn the ARM AIS image, for OMAP-L138/AM18xx, type armais as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to arm-nor-ais.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn U-Boot, type uboot as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file built for NOR.
• For 03.21.xx.xx Releases:
1. Start CCStudio v5 and connect to the ARM.
   
2. Execute the GEL function "Full EVM-->EMIFA_NOR_PINMUX" for Logic PD and "Test_setup-->NOR_setup" for Spectrum Digital. This appears under Scripts menu.
3. Load the NOR flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/boot-strap/ccs/omapl1x8 directory of the PSP installation (NORWriter_OMAP-L138.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the NOR Flash writer.
4. Run the NOR flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file paths. For booting from NOR, an ARM AIS image and U-Boot are required.
   • To burn the ARM AIS image, for OMAP-L138/AM18xx. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to ubl_OMAP-L138_NOR.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/serial_flash/omapl1x8/ directory of the PSP installation. Entering 'none' will skip this step.
   • To burn U-Boot, when prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file built for NOR. Entering 'none' will skip this step.
     
4. Once the NOR flash has been written with the all the required files, disconnect CCStudio and power off the EVM. Proceed to boot from NOR flash

DA830/OMAP-L137

On the OMAP-L137 and DA830 SoCs, the DSP boots first, on boot-up, the DSP runs the DSP UBL in AIS file format. The purpose of the DSP UBL is to wake up the ARM and start the ARM UBL which is present in raw binary form. The purpose of the ARM UBL is to initialize the PLLs, SDRAM, and other hardware. Once done, it copies the U-Boot into SDRAM and starts it. U-Boot is an open source boot loader and is responsible for booting the Linux kernel.

Flashing images to SPI Flash

There are two ways to flash images to SPI Flash:

• Serial flasher

1. See this page for instructions on using the command line serial flashing utility, which requires only a UART cable: Serial Boot and Flash Loading Utility for OMAP-L137

• CCS

1. Setup the EVM in "emulation debug" mode by setting SW2 switch as follows:
   
   

   For EVM revisions A and B:

   Pin #	7	2	1	0	3
   Position	1	1	1	1	1

   
   
   

   For EVM revisions after B:

   Pin #	7	2	1	0	3
   Position	1	1	1	1	0

   
   

2. Start CCStudio and connect to the DSP. Once done, connect to the ARM. Ensure that you have the latest DSP GEL file from Spectrum Digital Support site correctly specified.
3. Load the SPI flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/utils/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation (spiflash_writer.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the SPI Flash writer
4. Run the SPI flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file type and the file path. Three files are required: DSP AIS, ARM UBL and U-Boot.
   • To burn the DSP AIS image, type dspais as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to dsp-spi-ais.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn the ARM UBL image, type armubl as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to ubl-spi.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn U-Boot, run the SPI flasher program again, and type uboot as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/u-boot/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation.
5. Once the SPI flash has been written with the all the required files, disconnect CCStudio and power off the EVM. Proceed to boot from SPI flash.

Flashing images to NAND Flash

1. Setup the EVM in "emulation debug" mode by setting SW2 switch on base board as follows:
   
   

   For EVM revisions A and B:

   Pin #	7	2	1	0	3
   Position	1	1	1	1	1

   
   
   

   For EVM revisions after B:

   Pin #	7	2	1	0	3
   Position	1	1	1	1	0

   
   

2. On the User Interface card, set the SW1 switch as follows:
   
   

   Pin #	1	2	3	4
   Position	1	0	1	1

   
   

3. Start CCStudio and connect to the DSP. Once done, connect to the ARM. Ensure that you have the latest DSP GEL file from Spectrum Digital Support site correctly specified.
4. Execute the GEL function Setup_EMIFA_PinMux(). In case of CCSv3, this appears under the GEL menu. In case of CCSv4, this appears under Scripts menu.
5. Load the NAND flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/utils/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation (nand_writer.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the SPI Flash writer
6. Run the NAND flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file type and the file path. Three files are required: DSP AIS, ARM UBL and U-Boot.
   • To burn the DSP AIS image, type dspais as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to dsp-nand-ais.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn the ARM UBL image, type armubl as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to ubl-nand.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn U-Boot, run the SPI flasher program again, and type uboot as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/u-boot/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation.
7. Once the NAND flash has been written with the all the required files, disconnect CCStudio and power off the EVM. Proceed to boot from NAND flash

AM17xx

On the AM17xx SoC, the ARM boots first, on boot-up, the ARM runs the ARM UBL in AIS file format. The purpose of the ARM UBL is to initialize the PLLs, SDRAM, and other hardware. Once done, it copies the U-Boot into SDRAM and starts it. U-Boot is an open source boot loader and is responsible for booting the Linux kernel.

Flashing images to SPI Flash

1. Setup the EVM in "emulation debug" mode by setting SW2 switch as follows:
   
   

   Pin #	7	2	1	0	3
   Position	1	1	1	1	0

   
   

2. Start CCStudio and connect to the ARM. Ensure that you have the latest ARM GEL file from Spectrum Digital Support site correctly specified.
3. Load the SPI flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/utils/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation (spiflash_writer.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the SPI Flash writer
4. Run the SPI flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file type and the file path. Two files are required: ARM AIS and U-Boot.
   • To burn the ARM AIS image, type armais as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to arm-spi-ais.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/am17xx/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn U-Boot, run the SPI flasher program again, and type uboot as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/u-boot/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation.
5. Once the SPI flash has been written with the all the required files, disconnect CCStudio and power off the EVM. Proceed to boot from SPI flash

Flashing images to NAND Flash

1. Setup the EVM in "emulation debug" mode by setting SW2 switch on the base board as follows:
   
   

   Pin #	7	2	1	0	3
   Position	1	1	1	1	0

   
   

2. On the User Interface card, set the SW1 switch as follows:
   
   

   Pin #	1	2	3	4
   Position	1	0	1	1

   
   

3. Start CCStudio and connect to the ARM. Ensure that you have the latest ARM GEL file from Spectrum Digital Support site correctly specified.
4. Execute the GEL function Setup_EMIFA_PinMux(). In case of CCSv3, this appears under the GEL menu. In case of CCSv4, this appears under Scripts menu.
5. Load the NAND flasher tool on to the ARM. You can either use the pre-built binary shipped in the images/utils/omapl1x7/ directory of the PSP installation (nand_writer.out), or you can build your own by following the steps in the section on Rebuilding the SPI Flash writer
6. Run the NAND flasher program. You will be prompted for the input file type and the file path. Two files are required: ARM AIS and U-Boot.
   • To burn the ARM AIS image, type armais as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to arm-nand-ais.bin file. A pre-built image is located in the images/boot-strap/am17xx/ directory of the PSP installation.
   • To burn U-Boot, run the NAND flasher program again, and type uboot as the image type. When prompted for a file name, provide the path to the u-boot.bin file.
7. Once the NAND flash has been written with the all the required files, disconnect CCStudio and power off the EVM. Proceed to boot from NAND flash

Flashing Boot Images on Linux Without CCS

This procedure mirrors that found for the Hawkboard. It requires the Serial boot and Flash Package available here and a compiled u-boot binary. The AIS boot image that is generated makes use of built-in ROM functions and does not use a UBL for booting.

Note: The following tools require the Mono Framework to run on a Linux system. Refer to your Linux distribution's package management instructions for information on how to check if Mono is installed or to install/update it.

OMAP-L138

1. Prepare a UART AIS boot image using the command-line HexAIS_OMAP-L138.exe and the attached INI file: File:OMAP-L138 inifiles.zip. Note that there are different versions of the INI files for the D800K002 ROM, as that ROM revision (which was part of the first silicon revision) does not correctly handle mDDR initialization. Also, each file has mDDR configuration setup for the either 132MHz or 150MHz operation. Comment out the one you do not want to use and un-comment the one you do intend to use. Alternatively, you can use the AISGen GUI tool to perform this step.

host$ mono ./HexAIS_OMAP-L138.exe -ini OMAP-L138_EVM_uart.ini -o u-boot_uart.ais

2. Prepare a SPI AIS boot image using the command-line HexAIS_OMAP-L138.exe and the attached INI file. Alternatively, you can use the AISGen GUI tool to perform this step. This file should be placed in the /tftproot directory of your TFTP server so that it can be transferred to the EVM under u-boot using the Ethernet port.

host$ mono ./HexAIS_OMAP-L138.exe -ini OMAP-L138_EVM_spi.ini -o u-boot_spi.ais

3. Set the EVM to boot in UART2 boot mode. This is done by setting switch S7 on the EVM according to the following table:
   
   

   Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
   Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	ON

   
   

4. Start the command-line slh_OMAP-L138.exe tool to boot the board from your host PC.

host$ mono ../slh_OMAP-L138.exe -waitForDevice -v AISUtils/u-boot_uart_L138.ais

5. Power up the EVM. The UART boot process will start. It may take as long as 15 seconds to complete.

-----------------------------------------------------
   TI Serial Loader Host Program for OMAP-L138
   (C) 2010, Texas Instruments, Inc.
   Ver. 1.65
-----------------------------------------------------


Platform is Windows.
Attempting to connect to device COM1...
Press any key to end this program at any time.

Entering AIS Parser

Waiting for the OMAP-L138...
(AIS Parse): Read magic word 0x41504954.
(AIS Parse): Waiting for BOOTME... (power on or reset target now)
(AIS Parse): BOOTME received!
(AIS Parse): Performing Start-Word Sync...
(AIS Parse): Performing Ping Opcode Sync...
(AIS Parse): Processing command 0: 0x5853590D.
(AIS Parse): Performing Opcode Sync...
(AIS Parse): Executing function...
(AIS Parse): Processing command 1: 0x5853590D.
(AIS Parse): Performing Opcode Sync...
(AIS Parse): Executing function...
(AIS Parse): Processing command 2: 0x58535901.
(AIS Parse): Performing Opcode Sync...
(AIS Parse): Loading section...
(AIS Parse): Loaded 156384-Byte section to address 0xC1080000.
(AIS Parse): Processing command 3: 0x58535906.
(AIS Parse): Performing Opcode Sync...
(AIS Parse): Performing jump and close...
(AIS Parse): AIS complete. Jump to address 0xC1080000.
(AIS Parse): Waiting for DONE...
(AIS Parse): Boot completed successfully.

Operation completed successfully.

6. When boot is completed, start a serial terminal program (Hyperterminal, minicom) to connect to the EVM. Press "enter" to see the u-boot prompt.
7. Erase first 256 KB of the serial flash

U-Boot > sf probe 0
U-Boot > sf erase 0 40000

8. Setup the u-boot enviroment for TFTP download.

U-Boot > setenv serverip 172.24.156.199
U-Boot > dhcp

9. Use TFTP to transfer the SPI u-boot image generated earlier.

U-Boot > tftpboot 0xc0700000 u-boot_spi.ais

10. Write the SPI AIS u-boot image to the start of the SPI flash.

U-Boot > sf write c0700000 0 40000

11. Power off the EVM, and change the boot mode switches to SPI0 master boot. This is done by setting switch S7 on the EVM according to the following table:
    
    

    Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
    Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF

    
    

12. Power on the EVM and the u-boot should start.

Booting U-Boot

U-Boot is an open source boot loader and is responsible for booting the Linux kernel.

Connect a serial cable from the serial port on the EVM to the COM port on the host machine. Set up the serial terminal software as described in Booting the EVM out of the box.
Note: Boot images may not have been pre-flashed on the EVM for all boot modes. In this case, follow the procedures in Flashing images to flash the required boot images.

DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18xx

Booting from SPI Flash

In order to boot from SPI flash, which has been written with the boot images, set the SW7 switch on the base board as follows:

For LogicPD EVM

Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF

For Spectrum Digital EVM

Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	OFF

Booting from NAND Flash

In order to boot from NAND flash, which has been written with the boot images, set the SW7 switch on the base board as follows:

For LogicPD EVM

Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF	OFF	OFF

For Spectrum Digital EVM

Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	ON	OFF

Booting from NOR Flash

In order to boot from NOR flash, which has been written with the boot images, set the SW7 switch on the base board as follows:

For LogicPD EVM

Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	ON	OFF

For Spectrum Digital EVM

Pin#	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Position	OFF	OFF	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF	OFF	OFF

DA830/OMAP-L137/AM17xx

Booting from SPI Flash

• Set the SW2 switch on the DSK board as follows. (X indicates the setting is 'don't care')

Pin#	7	2	1	0	3
Position	0	1	0	1	X

Booting from NAND Flash

• Set the SW2 switch on the DSK board as follows. (X indicates the setting is 'don't care')

Pin#	7	2	1	0	3
Position	0	1	1	1	X

On the User Interface card, set the SW1 switch as follows:

Pin #	1	2	3	4
Position	1	0	1	1

Booting the Linux kernel using U-Boot

Booting the kernel requires a valid kernel image (uImage) and a target filesystem. A pre-built kernel image is included in the images/kernel directory of the PSP installation.

Booting Linux kernel using U-Boot describes various methods to boot Linux kernel.

Using extended memory available on OMAP-L138 EVM board

The OMAP-L138 eXperimenter board has 64MB of memory and the OMAP-L138 EVM has 128 MB available. Out of this 128 MB, some amount is used for Linux and the rest can be used for DSP or as DSP/ARM shared memory. Sometimes it is convenient to allow Linux to use discontinuous blocks of memory. Kernel parameter mem= can be used for this purpose. One example is shown here:

U-Boot> setenv bootargs console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/ram0 rw initrd=0xc1180000,4M ip=dhcp mem=32M@0xc0000000 mem=64M@0xc4000000

If you plan on using Codec Engine (or DSPLink and CMEM alone), you need to make sure that the insmod command for the cmemk.ko kernel module uses the "allowOverlap=1" option (see the CMEM documentation available in the LinuxUtils package). Failure to use this option will result in an error message, since the kernel still reports its memory usage to CMEM as a contiguous 96M range.

Creating bootable SD card for OMAP-L138 EVM board

NOTE: The information in this section relates to booting UBL from SPI flash, and then having UBL pull u-boot from the SD card. For information on using the native MMC/SD0 boot mode that was introduced in Silicon Rev 2.1 (Boot ROM Rev D800K008) please see this page
The UBL on OMAP-L138 expects the u-boot descriptor to be present in sectors 1 to 25 of the SD card. Sector 0 is used for storing DOS partition information. Hence the u-boot descriptor is stored from sectors 1 till 24. The descriptor is 512 bytes in size and is replicated in each of these sectors. U-Boot binary starts at Sector 117.

The SD card shall be re-partitioned and formated to create some room for storing u-boot. Use fdisk utility (as super user) to delete the existing partition and create a new one.

host$ fdisk /dev/mmcblk0 (device name might change if USB card reader is used)

• Delete the existing partitions with 'd' command.
• Create a new partition with 'n' command, followed by 'p' command
• Mark the first cylinder as 20. Typical cylinder size is 32KBytes. So starting the first cylinder at 20 provides us about 600Kbytes for storing UBL and u-boot. If the fdisk utility displays a different cylinder size, make sure that you are leaving atleast 500K space before the first cylinder.
• Leave the last cylinder to default value (or) any other value depending on the partition size requirements.
• Save and exit with 'w' command

Using the uflash utility, place the u-boot binary on the SD card. Copy the u-boot.bin to uflash directory,

host$ ./uflash -d /dev/mmcblk0 -b u-boot.bin -p OMAPL138 -vv
        u-boot Size 252087
        U-Boot Magic Number     : a1aced66
        U-Boot Entry Point      : c1080000
        U-Boot Number of Blocks : 000001ec
        U-Boot Starting Block   : 00000075
        Load U-Boot Address     : c1080000
        Writing U-Boot Signature
        Writing U-Boot
        Done...

SD Card Writer Utility (uflash)

This is a Linux command line tool specific to TI's Davinci platforms, for flashing UBL/U-Boot to SD card.

Building uflash

1. Use your Linux host to extract the uflash source code from the src/utils/mmcsd-writer-#.#.#.#.tar.gz tarball from the OMAP-L138 Linux PSP package, which is located in the DaVinci-PSP-SDK-#.#.#.# directory under the main SDK installation directory. Use the tar command to extract the sources.
2. Use the native Linux host gcc compiler to build uflash

host$ gcc uflash.c -o uflash

Loading Linux Kernel Modules

Many of the kernel features can be built as run-time loadable modules so that they are not part of the kernel image, but can be inserted into the kernel at run-time to increase the running kernel’s functionality.

To understand how to configure some features as modules and how to build them, refer to Rebuilding the Linux Kernel and Driver configuration in the Linux kernel.

Pre-built binaries for features configured by default as kernel modules are included in the PSP package in the images/kernel/omapl1x7/modules/lib directory for OMAP-L137 and in the images/kernel/omapl1x8/modules/lib directory for OMAP-L138. To use these modules, copy the contents of this directory to the /lib directory of your root file system.

On the target Linux command prompt use command modprobe command to load the module. rmmod command can be used to remove the module. Below is an example of loading the USB file storage gadget module. Similar steps can be followed for any driver module.

Loading USB 2.0

To load the USB file backed storage gadget:

1. Insert the g_file_storage.ko module with the following command where /dev/blockdevX is the storage device acting as the actual storage space. Replace it with the path to the actual block device name acting as physical storage, such as a MMC/SD card.

target$ modprobe g_file_storage file=/dev/blockdevX

2. Remove the module by using

target$ rmmod g_file_storage

DSP wakeup in U-Boot

On the OMAP-L138 SoC, the U-Boot wakes up the DSP by default. The DSP reset vector is set to 0x80000000, and after wakeup it executes the idle instruction. To prevent the DSP from being woken up by U-Boot, you can do the following:

1. Set the dspwake environment variable to "no".
2. Save the environment space.
3. Reset the board.

This feature has been added to help DSP users wake up the DSP quickly, since on the OMAP-L138 EVM only the on-board emulation can access the DSP.

Modifying SPI Frequency in U-Boot

On DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18xx EVMs, in U-Boot, SPI flash has been configured to work at 30MHz. But in some situations one may have to modify the SPI frequency. For example:

• When operating at different voltages.
• When customer has a different SPI flash which operates at different frequency.

In such cases, SPI frequency can be changed in U-Boot by modifying the CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_SPEED variable in u-boot/include/configs/da850evm.h file. After this modification, rebuild u-boot and flash the new u-boot binary file to SPI flash.

Restoring factory default U-Boot environment variables

To restore factory default U-Boot environment variables, the existing environment variables need to be erased from flash. You will need to know the offset in flash were environment variables are stored and the size of flash dedicated to storing the environment variables.

These values are represented by CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET and CONFIG_ENV_SIZE respectively in U-Boot EVM configuration file.

For OMAP-L138 (or DA850, AM18xx) SoCs, this file is include/configs/da850_evm.h inside the U-Boot source tree.
For OMAP-L137 (or DA830, AM17xx) SoCs, this file is include/configs/da830_evm.h inside the U-Boot source tree.

Follow this procedure based on the flash U-Boot stores its environment variables on. The size and offset values given below are to be considered representative only.

SPI flash

On SPI flash, environment variables are stored at offset 256 KByes into the flash and environment variables sector size is 64 KBytes.

1. On the U-Boot command prompt:

U-Boot> sf probe 0

2. Erase environment sector length bytes (64 KBytes) from environment sector offset (256 KBytes) as follows:

U-Boot> sf erase 40000 10000

3. Reset the board and it will come up with default environment variables.
4. Save the new set of environment variables.

U-Boot> saveenv

NAND Flash

On the NAND flash, env variables are stored at offset 0 (zero) and environment variables sector size is 128 KBytes.

1. Erase environment sector length bytes (128 KBytes) from environment sector offset 0 (zero) as follows:

U-Boot> nand erase 0 20000

2. Reset the board and it will come up with default environment variables.
3. Save the new set of environment variables.

U-Boot> saveenv

NOR Flash

On the NOR flash, env variables are stored at the 4th sector of NOR flash and environment variables sector size is 128 KBytes.

1. Unprotect the 4th sector using:

U-Boot> protect off 60060000 +20000

2. Erase environment sector length bytes (128 KBytes) from environment sector offset 60060000 as follows:

U-Boot> erase 60060000 +20000

3. Reset the board and it will come up with default environment variables.
4. Save the new set of environment variables.

U-Boot> saveenv

Restoring MAC address on SPI Flash

On DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVMs, Logic-PD would be pre-flashing the MAC address to the SPI flash. If SPI flash is completely erased then even the MAC address gets erased. MAC address can be written to SPI flash from U-Boot. The following commands need to be entered from U-Boot prompt.

1. Modify the DDR content at address c0000000. MAC address is printed on a sticker pasted on SoC module of EVM.

U-Boot> mm.b c0000000
c0000000: fb ? 00
c0000001: ef ? 08
c0000002: fd ? ee
c0000003: df ? 03
c0000004: ff ? 6a
c0000005: ff ? c4
c0000006: bf ? q

2. Make sure that modification is correct:

U-Boot> md.b c0000000
c0000000: 00 08 ee 03 6a c4 bf ff f3 fd fb ff fe fd bf ef    ....j...........
c0000010: ff ff fb fd 3f fd ff ff bb df 7f fd f7 ff 77 ff    ....?.........w.
c0000020: 7f ee f7 fd 3f fd fb fd ed ef bf ce 77 bf fb ff    ....?.......w...
c0000030: 6f bc b7 fe ff de fd ff 7b fd ff ff b7 fd ff ff    o.......{.......

3. Initialize SPI flash from u-boot.

U-Boot> sf probe 0

4. Write the MAC address from DDR to SPI flash:

U-Boot> sf write c0000000 7f0000 6

5. Reset the EVM. U-Boot/Kernel should read the MAC address which was written to the flash.

Enabling Write-Back Cache on DA830/OMAP-L137

On the DA830 and OMAP-L137 SoCs silicon revisions 1.1 and earlier, the ARM cache in write-back mode is not functional. This has been resolved starting silicon revision 2.0. To maintain backward compatibility with affected silicon revisions, the Linux kernel keeps write-back mode disabled in the default configuration. Users of silicon revisions 2.0 and higher can enable write-back cache from kernel configuration.

System Type  --->
    [ ] Force write through D-cache 

Message logging on UART in ARM UBL

One may wish to enable messaging logging on the UART console. This feature can be enabled by supplying DEVICE_UART<n>_FOR_DEBUG, where <n> is the UART number. Presently UART0, UART1 and UART2 can be enabled for logging. However, UART<n> may be available for logging depending on the PINMUXing with core peripheral like NAND/SPI/NOR etc and the BOOT mode one wishes to have. Please check this and the settings in device.c/UARTInit()

For example if one wishes to send the console debug messages over UART2 the compiler flag needs to supplied as below (shown for NAND boot mode):

Options=-g -o3 -fr"$(Proj_dir)\..\nand" -fs"$(Proj_dir)\..\nand" -i"$(Proj_dir)\..\include" -d"UBL_NAND" -d"USE_IN_ROM" -d"DEVICE_UART2_FOR_DEBUG" -me -mv5e --abi=ti_arm9_abi

Linux Functional Test Bench

The Linux Functional Test Bench (LFTB) is the set of tools used to verify the various driver features. The test bench is included in the test-suite directory of the PSP installation. Use the tar command to extract the LFTB package.

Information on how to use LFTB and its various features is included in the LFTB package itself.

What's next?

Please continue on to the Additional information section of the OMAP-L1 Getting Started Guide.